Impact of primary and secondary machinery tracks on fine root growth of sugar maple after selection cutting

نویسندگان

  • Catherine Malo
  • Christian Messier
چکیده

Selection cutting, where approximately 30% of the trees are removed every 30 years, is the main silvicultural treatment used in temperate deciduous forests of Quebec (Canada). Concerns have been raised that the use of heavy machinery is creating soil disturbances that are negatively affecting the growth and survival of remaining trees. The aim of the study was to determine if heavy machinery is affecting the growth, morphology, and architecture of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) fine roots in and around machinery tracks left after selection logging. The study site, a sugar maple dominated stand, was located in southern Quebec. Root ingrowth bags and standard root cores were used to compare fine root growth, morphology, and architecture in and around machinery tracks one year after logging. Fine root growth of maple was reduced fivefold in both primary (multiple trip) and secondary (only one trip) machinery tracks compared with the control. There was a nonstatistical reduction in fine root growth within 1 m of the tracks. Because machinery tracks cover between 15% and 25% of a stand after selection logging, such reduction in fine root growth could be significant for the growth and survival of the remaining mature maple trees. Résumé : La coupe jardinatoire, qui consiste à récolter environ 30 % du peuplement à tous les 30 ans, représente le traitement sylvicole le plus utilisé dans la forêt feuillue tempérée au Québec (Canada). Des inquiétudes ont été soulevées au sujet des effets néfastes que les perturbations du sol causées par la machinerie lourde pourraient avoir sur la croissance et la survie des arbres résiduels. L’objectif de l’étude était de déterminer si la machinerie lourde affecte la croissance, la morphologie et l’architecture des racines fines de l’érable à sucre (Acer saccharum Marsh.) dans et près des sentiers laissés par la machinerie lors d’une coupe jardinatoire. Une érablière ayant subi une coupe jardinatoire à la fin de l’été 2006 a été sélectionnée dans le sud du Québec. Des sacs de croissance ainsi que des carottes de sol ont été utilisés afin de comparer la croissance, la morphologie et l’architecture des racines fines dans et près des sentiers, au cours de l’année suivant la coupe jardinatoire. La croissance des racines fines de l’érable à sucre a été réduite de cinq fois, autant dans les sentiers primaires (utilisés plusieurs fois) que secondaires (utilisés une seule fois) par rapport au témoin. Une diminution non significative de la croissance racinaire à une distance d’un mètre et moins du sentier a été observée. Considérant que les sentiers primaires et secondaires couvrent habituellement 15 à 25 % d’un peuplement à la suite à d’une coupe jardinatoire, il est probable qu’une telle réduction de la croissance des racines fines affecte négativement la croissance et la survie des érables résiduels situés près des sentiers.

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تاریخ انتشار 2011